The preliminary study of applications waste banana peel and egg shell filler as agricultural waste for paper applications

Bio-product and Bioprocessing Technology Research Group, Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, University Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia

^* Corresponding author: alnurauli@umk.edu.my

Abstract

This research investigates the use of banana peel ingredients that are removed from leftover banana peels to make paper. The paper was prepared by using hand sheet press machine. The study explores this non- starch elements’ potential by thoroughly examining their characteristics in an oven setting. Despite being seen as agricultural waste; banana peels include cellulose-rich components that make them a promising resource for the manufacturing of sustainable paper. The investigation uses oven-based procedures to extract and analyse non-starch components, looking at their structural and thermal characteristics. The results show that the waste banana peel with 5g of egg shell showed the highest of tensile strength which is 0.614 MPa followed by 2g of egg shell added. The combinations of waste of waste carbon box (WCB), waste banana peel and egg shell filler as paper gives the maximum loads, deflections and tensile strength. By reusing agricultural by-products for useful purposes, this project aims to support the development of environmentally responsible methods in the paper sector via a comprehensive assessment of oven qualities.