Activity of A Nanoparticles Preparation Containing Watermelon Peel Extract and Kepok Banana Peel on Ureum and Creatinine Levels in Urolitogenesis Mice

¹ Medicine and Health Science Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
² Pharmacy Faculty, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
³ Ahmad Dahlan Drug Information and Crisis Center, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
⁴ NCKU, Taiwan

Abstract

Kidney stones are one of the causes of chronic kidney failure that can cause long-term complications. Kepok banana peel and yellow watermelon peel are still rarely used as medicine. The high flavonoid and potassium content in kepok banana and yellow watermelon peel can function as a kidney stone remover and improve kidney function. The preparation started with the extraction of kepok banana peel and yellow watermelon peel. Then, the flavonoid and potassium contents of the extracts were tested. Nanoemulsions were prepared by homogenization method at 15,200 rpm. Finally, the prepared nanoemulsion formula was evaluated. Nanoemulsion of kepok banana peel and yellow watermelon extracts had a size of 246.9 nm and a PDI of 0.618 . The nanoemulsion also contained flavonoids and potassium with a pH value of 7 and a viscosity value of 2.70 cP. Nanoemulsion of kepok banana peel and yellow watermelon peel extracts can also reduce creatinine levels and there is no decrease in ureum levels in kidney stone model rats. The administration of nanoemulsion of kepok banana peel and yellow watermelon peel extracts did not significantly affect the decrease in ureum levels, but decreased creatinine levels in the nanoemulsion and nonnanoemulsion intervention groups. Keywords: nanoemulsion extracts, kepok banana peel, yellow watermelon peel, kidney stones, kidney function