Study of energy consumption of the process of surface tillage by the combined stubble unit KSA-3,8M “Svarog” with improved rolling working bodies

Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, 150, Kievskaya Street, Simferopol, 295493, Russia

^* Corresponding author: sobolevskii-ivan@mail.ru

Abstract

The article provides an analysis of the main directions for improving the soil-cultivating working bodies of rollers in combined units. The traction resistance of the sections of loosening paws, sections of treadle harrows, modernized rollers, as well as the total traction resistance of the combined unit is theoretically substantiated. To confirm the theoretical prerequisites for substantiating the energy indicators of the unit, its field tests were carried out on an area of 120 hectares on southern micellar-carbonate chernozem. As a result, the tested rolling sections in the unit have the greatest difference in traction resistance (12,1%) at a speed of 8 km/h and a soil cultivation depth of 0.05 m. On average, the traction resistance of the modernized experimental combined unit KSA-3,8M “Svarog” is 16,17% less than that of the serial KPE-3,8V. This variation in the differences in traction resistance is explained by the fact that with an increase in the depth of soil cultivation by the main working bodies - flat-cutting paws, a large mass of soil fractions is carried to the soil surface. The sizes of the fractions increase with increasing depth of cultivation and lead to an increase in the height and mass of the ridges. As a result, after distribution by the leveling working bodies, the partially leveled mass and destroyed clods fall under the bars and segment knives of the roller. During the operation of the roller, the absolute speed vector of the knife is perpendicular to the cutting edge, which leads to a chopping effect on the destroyed soil lump without additional energy costs for its movement. As a result, a fine-grained soil layer is formed for sowing.