Farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior in long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl) cultivation in Bluto District, Sumenep Regency

¹ Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Indonesia
² Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Indonesia
³ Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics and Management, IPB University, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: fuadhasan@trunojoyo.ac.id

Abstract

The cultivation of long pepper presents promising economic and agroclimatic potential. Sumenep Regency—characterized by its suitability for long pepper cultivation—remains underutilized due to limited intensive management by local farmers. This phenomenon hinges significantly on farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior. This study seeks to evaluate and understand the entrepreneurial behavior of long pepper farmers in Sumenep Regency and identify the factors that influence this behavior using six indicators as follows future orientation, risk-taking propensity, task and result orientation, confidence, innovation and persistence. Primary data was gathered through questionnaires administered to a sample of 50 farmers selected using purposive sampling, ensuring that respondents were selected based on their relevance to the research objectives. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were employed for data analysis. The descriptive findings indicate that most farmers exhibit satisfactory entrepreneurial behavior across four defining indicators: future orientation, risk-taking propensity, task and results orientation, and innovation. Moreover, farmers demonstrate commendable entrepreneurial traits in terms of self-efficacy and persistence. Regression analysis reveals that farmers’ experience and membership in agricultural groups positively correlate with entrepreneurial behavior, whereas educational attainment shows no significant impact. These findings could inform targeted interventions to improve entrepreneurial behavior among farmers and potentially improve cultivation and economic sustainability.