Comparative analysis of organic fertilizers of different origins

Orenburg State University, 13, Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018, Russia

^* Corresponding author: anilova.osu@mail.ru

Abstract

Reproduction of soil fertility under conditions of intensive land use is associated with the use of ameliorants. The decrease in livestock and the resulting deficit of manure as a traditional organic fertilizer have set the task of obtaining fertilizers based on the processing of organic waste. Therefore, an important scientific task is to assess their chemical composition and the effectiveness of their impact on crops. In a model experiment with biohumus "AgroVerm", a fertilizer obtained by fermentation of organic residues, and the effluent "Samorod", the effect of the chemical composition of fertilizers on the vital, morphometric and biochemical parameters of Tríticum aestivum L. was assessed. The results of the study of the chemical composition of humic fertilizers showed their similar mineral composition with a predominance of K, Si, Cl, Cu and Ca. The proportion of free humic acids in the biohumus and bioorganic fertilizer exceeded the same indicator in the effluent by 4 and 3 times, respectively. The analysis of IR spectra of organic fertilizers indicates a significant diversity of functional groups in the vermicompost sample and bioorganic fertilizer. At the same time, the maximum values of germination were noted for the variant of application of the preparation "AgroVerm", and morphometric indicators for bioorganic fertilizer and the preparation "Samorod". The highest values of tolerance indices were observed in the variant of using the preparation "Samorod". Determination of the pigment content showed that all organic fertilizers increased the content of carotenoids, chlorophyll a and b. The results of the study indicate that these fertilizers have practical significance and can be recommended for use in industrial crop production.