Analysis of Risk Minimization Strategies in the Implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices Through the Integration of FFMEA and AHP

¹ Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145 Veteran St. Malang, East Java, Indonesia
² Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145 Veteran St. Malang, East Java, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: asmaul_m@ub.ac.id

Abstract

The high milk production in East Java offers opportunities for SMEs to innovate and add value through dairy processing. Implementing Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) is crucial for improving quality, competitiveness, and risk reduction. This study analyzes risk levels and strategies to minimize them using FFMEA and AHP methods, focusing on 14 GMP aspects based on BPOM RI Regulation No. HK.03.1.23.04.12.2206 (2012) in SMEs “X” and “Y”. Findings reveal that three GMP aspects— buildings and facilities, product recall, and record-keeping—are not fully implemented. In SME “X”, the highest risks stem from poor employee health (FRPN 0.915), low SME reputation (FRPN 0.859), and poorly recorded financial report administration (FRPN 2.365). In SME “Y”, major risks arise from low SME reputation (FRPN 4.018) and production processes not meeting standards (FRPN 1.542). To mitigate these risks, recommended strategies include routine cleaning of the production area, establishing SOPs for product recalls, fast handling of returned goods, employee training on record-keeping, and regular internal audits.