Assessment of mountain soil erosion threat levels based on digital analysis

Tashkent state agrarian university, University street 2, Kibrai district, Tashkent region, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: gulchexra-25@mail.ru

Abstract

Soil erosion control plays an important role in preserving soil fertility and ensuring environmental sustainability. In assessing soil erosion, the use of modern technologies, especially geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing methods, yields significant results. This article examines the advantages of GIS technologies in identifying erosion-prone lands, their application, and their results. The study focuses on the changes in land cover and degradation processes in the mountain and submountain regions of the Tashkent region, which is situated in the western portion of the eastern Tien-Shan mountains. This region receives a lot of precipitation because of the climate. This research highlights the critical influence of terrain and precipitation on erosion rates, underscoring the necessity for modern soil conservation strategies in vulnerable areas. Dense vegetation significantly lowers the risk of erosion during heavy rainfall events. Even during intense rainfall on well-vegetated slopes, the risk of erosion can be far lower than during light rainfall conditions on poorly vegetated or barren slopes. GIS technologies help in monitoring such changes and developing effective solutions. The obtained results contribute to the development of the direction of combating erosion processes. They will also help to identify the centers of the most eroded lands in the country and outline the main antierosion measures to prevent them.