What Factors Affect the Dropout Rate of DPT/HB/HiB Immunization?

Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia

^* Corresponding Putriasmita@lecturer.undip.ac.id

Abstract

DPT/HB/HiB immunization is administered to children under two years old on four occasions, following established regulations. Every child must complete DPT/HB/HiB to achieve optimal immunity. Kuningan Regency has a DPT/HB/HiB immunization dropout rate of 9.5%, while a rate below 5% is considered good. This study aims to determine the factors influencing the dropout rate of DPT/HB/HiB immunization among children under two years old in Kuningan Regency. This study employed cross-sectional study using quantitative methods. The population involved children under two years old, with a total sample of 162 respondents. Data were analyzed using Chi Square test and multivariate logistic regression, with a questionnaire as the research instrument. The findings of this study indicate that mothers’ knowledge of immunization (p=0.024), mothers’ perception of immunization (p-0.007), immunization history (p=0.000), and health workers support (p=0.006) influence the DPT/HB/HiB immunization dropout status. The dropout rate of DPT/HB/HiB among children aged two years was 14.2%. Overall, the DPT/HB/HiB immunization dropout status was influenced by 44.6 percent of the variables, including mother’s knowledge and perception, immunization history, and health worker support. Immunization history had the greatest influence on the risk of DPT/HB/HiB immunization dropout, with Exp(B)=14.901. Health workers should be proactive and seek effective ways to ensure that all mothers and infants complete the DPT/HB/HiB immunization, supported by continuous education on immunization.