The impact of migration on food security in Armenia

¹ The Institute of Economics after M. Kotanyan, The National Academy of Sciences of RA, Yerevan, Armenia
² National Polytechnic University of Armenia (NPUA), Yerevan, Armenia

^* Corresponding author: hov97hov@gmail.com

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the current state and structural determinants of food security in Armenia, emphasizing the interaction between agricultural capacity, migration dynamics, and policy frameworks. Using official statistical data for 2020–2024 and sectoral analysis, the paper applies a descriptive-analytical method to assess production self- sufficiency, import dependency, and demographic pressures. The results show that Armenia is self-sufficient in potatoes, vegetables, fruits, and fish, yet remains heavily dependent on imports of wheat, vegetable oil, sugar, and livestock products. Internal migration leads to agricultural land abandonment and rural labor shortages, while external migration and population inflows intensify urban food demand. Despite the implementation of the 2023–2026 Food Security Development Strategy, structural vulnerabilities persist due to outdated technologies, fragmented supply chains, and limited food reserves. The study concludes that Armenia’s food security strategy must integrate migration management, technological modernization, and land-use regulation. Enhancing local production, reducing post-harvest losses, and promoting rural revitalization are identified as key policy priorities for achieving sustainable food security and long-term national resilience.