| Issue |
BIO Web Conf.
Volume 234, 2026
The Frontier in Sustainable Agromaritime and Environmental Development Conference (FiSAED 2025)
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 01026 | |
| Number of page(s) | 6 | |
| Section | Sustainable Natural Resources and Environmental Management | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202623401026 | |
| Published online | 23 April 2026 | |
Circular feed innovation: Biotechnological upgrading of rice straw and agro-wastes into high-value silage using fungal enzymes
1 Animal Nutrition and Production Research Group, Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 16100, Malaysia
2 Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 16100, Malaysia
3 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 22200, Malaysia
4 Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
5 Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
6 Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, 16680, Indonesia
7 Division of Animal Husbandry, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia
8 Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling Research Group (AFENUE), IPB University, 16680, Indonesia
* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
Agricultural production in Southeast Asia generates large quantities of lignocellulosic biomass, particularly rice straw and oil palm residues, which are frequently underutilized or disposed of through open burning practices. Biotechnological conversion of these residues into silage offers a sustainable strategy to improve feed availability while reducing environmental impacts. This study reviews the potential of upgrading agricultural waste into high-value ruminant feed through microbial fermentation combined with fungal enzyme supplementation. Fungal fibrolytic enzymes enhance lignocellulosic degradation, increase fermentable carbohydrate availability, and improve silage fermentation quality. Enzyme-treated rice straw silage consistently demonstrates improved pH reduction, fiber degradation, crude protein retention, digestibility, and aerobic stability. Feeding studies have indicated enhance feed intake, rumen fermentation efficiency, and animal performance when enzyme-treated silage partially replaces conventional forages. Environmentally, valorization of agricultural residues reduces greenhouse gas emissions and supports circular bioeconomy frameworks. Overall, fungal enzyme-assisted ensiling represents a promising and sustainable feeding strategy for ruminant production systems.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2026
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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