Open Access
Table 2.
Results obtained on field experiments in Switzerland over the last decades using different approaches to reduce the use of plant protection products (insecticides, acaricides, fungicides). Impact calculated on an estimated average total number of sprays of 12 per year for European northern vineyards.
| Approaches | Impact | Number of |
|---|---|---|
| (%) | sprays (N=12) | |
| Biological control | − 25 to − 30 | − 3 to − 4 |
| of mites | acaricides | |
| Mating | − 15 to − 25 | − 2 to − 3 |
| disruption | insecticides | |
| Disease forecasting | − 8 to − 30 | − 1 to − 4 |
| www.agrometeo.ch | fungicides | |
| Leaf area adapted | ||
| dosage of plant | − 20 to − 30 | 0 |
| protection products | ||
| Elicitors, alexins, | ||
| natural products, | 0 to +30 | 0 to +4 |
| plant extracts … | ||
| Organic, biodynamic | 0 to +30 | 0 to +4 |
| Resistant grapevine | − 75 to − 100 | − 9 to − 12 |
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