Issue |
BIO Web Conf.
Volume 15, 2019
42nd World Congress of Vine and Wine
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 01028 | |
Number of page(s) | 4 | |
Section | Viticulture | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191501028 | |
Published online | 23 October 2019 |
Composición isotópica del agua como un indicador del vigor de la planta a nivel de parcela
Water isotopic composition as a plant vigor indicator at plot level
1 Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, UdelaR, Gazón 780, 12900, Uruguay
2 Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, UdelaR, Garzón 780, 12900, Uruguay
a e-mail: pergusal@gmail.com
La viticultura de precisión es una herramienta performante para la gestión del vigor intra parcelario. En una parcela de 1,1 hectáreas de un viñedo comercial de la variedad Tannat, implantado en clima sub- húmedo, en donde delimitó dos zonas de vigor (alto y bajo). Uno de los factores determinantes de dichas diferencias de vigor, sería la diferencia en el contenido de agua en el suelo. Para demostrar esta hipótesis se instalaron parcelas por cada nivel de vigor en las cuales se realizó un seguimiento del estado de hidratación de las plantas mediante el potencial hídrico foliar de base (Ψf). Se determinó la composición isotópica (δ18O) en agua de hojas y mosto. Se demostraron correlaciones significativas entre Ψf y OI. Las medidas de δ18O en hojas brindaron un dato puntual del contenido de agua, en tanto que las del mosto describieron la evolución del estado de hidratación de la planta durante el ciclo del cultivo. El δ18O podría ser una forma rápida de identificación de zonas de diferente vigor y que permitiría determinar a escala parcelaria las diferencias existentes en el suelo en el contenido hídrico y gestionar de manera más eficiente el recurso agua.
Palabras clave: ratio isotópico, δ18O, estrés hídrico, viticultura de precisión, Vitis vinífera L.
Abstract
High precision viticulture is a high impact tool for vigor management at intra plot level. In a plot of 1.1 hectares of a commercial vineyard of the Tannat variety, implanted in sub-humid climate, where it delimited two zones of vigor (high and low). A key parameter in the definition of the vigor zones was the water content in the soil. For each vigor, zone three sub-plots were defined in order to study the influence of the water content in the soil influence. The sub-plots were defined by it vigor level and each zone. The hydration status of each plant in the sub-plot was analyzed from base leaf water potential measurements (Ψf). The isotopic water composition (δ18O), was measured at leafs and must. A high significant correlation between Ψf and δ18O was obtained. The leaf δ18O measurements gave punctual data for the water content; however, the must δ18O gave a measurement of the hydration state of the plant during the harvest cycle. OI measurements allow a fast evaluation of the soil water content at a small scale (plot level) and the identification of the vigor zones. This evaluation could lead to a better and efficient management of the water resource in the vineyard.Key words: isotopic ratio, δ18O, water stress, viticulture precision, Vitis vinifera L.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2019
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