Issue |
BIO Web Conf.
Volume 56, 2023
43rd World Congress of Vine and Wine
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 01036 | |
Number of page(s) | 5 | |
Section | Viticulture | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20235601036 | |
Published online | 24 February 2023 |
Nuevas variedades descendientes de Monastrell adaptadas al cambio climático
New varieties descending from Monastrell adapted to climate change
Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
La variedad de uva Monastrell se cultiva en el sureste español para la elaboración de vinos tintos de calidad, pero como muchas otras variedades se está viendo afectada por las consecuencias del cambio climático. En su caso, los efectos más evidentes redundan en el desacoplamiento entre la madurez fenólica y la tecnológica, haciendo que al ser una variedad tardía, se obtengan vinos de alta graduación alcohólica. En el IMIDA, en los años 90 comenzamos un programa de mejora genética para la obtención de nuevas variedades descendientes de Monastrell mediante cruzamientos dirigidos con otras como Cabernet Sauvignon o Syrah. A lo largo de estos años se ha llevado a cabo un proceso de selección del material vegetal obtenido, cuyos criterios de selección han sido predominantemente su alto contenido fenólico y pequeño tamaño de baya. A día de hoy tenemos tres variedades tintas registradas a nivel europeo, MYRTIA, GEBAS y CALNEGRE. Estas variedades son de alta calidad fenólica, tienen una producción buena a pesar de ser vendimiadas en periodos coincidentes con épocas en las que las temperaturas en nuestra zona pueden superar los 40°C. Pudiendo así concluir, que disponemos de un material vegetal único que será una herramienta muy útil para el sector vitivinícola.
Abstract
The Monastrell grape variety is grown in the southeast of Spain for the production of quality red wines, but like many other varieties it is being affected by the consequences of climate change. In his case, the most evident effects result in the decoupling between phenolic and technological maturity, meaning that, being a late variety, wines with a high alcohol content are obtained. At IMIDA in the 1990s we started a genetic improvement program to obtain new varieties of Monastrell through directed crosses with others such as Cabernet Sauvignon or Syrah. Throughout these years, a selection process has been carried out on the plant material obtained, whose selection criteria have been predominantly its high phenolic content and small berry size. Today we have three red varieties registered at European level, MYRTIA, GEBAS and CALNEGRE. These varieties are of high phenolic quality, have a good production despite being harvested in periods that coincide with times when temperatures in our area can exceed 40°C. Thus being able to conclude that we have a unique plant material that will be a very useful tool for the wine sector.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2023
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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