Efficacy of Pfizer vaccine on IL-12/IFN-γ pathway with related to COVID-19 infection

¹ Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, College of health and medical techniques, Kufa, 31003 Al-Kufa, Iraq
² University of Kufa, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kufa, Iraq

^* Corresponding author: ruaa.surhan@atu.edu.iq

Abstract

Critical patients with pandemic COVID-19 have dysregulation in immune response, like cytokine storm, lymphopenia that led to increase mortality, vaccine is the only hope for controlling on this pandemic. However, this study design to evaluate effectiveness of Pfizer vaccine on serum level for IL-12/IFN-γ pathway with susceptibility to COVID-19. The current study included 160 participants whom separated into two groups for further analysis which included Covid-19 patients as unvaccinated and vaccinated attended from various hospitals in AL-Najaf provenance and some private clinics and healthy control groups as vaccinated and unvaccinated healthy subjects, blood samples were collected from all subjects during January - April 2022 to detect IL-12 and IFN-γ concentration by ELISA technique. Demographic study indicated the male patients was higher than female and the age distribution for unvaccinated and vaccinated were 41-50 years had the highest frequency which were 17(42.5%) and (35%) respectively. The present study observed that the concentration of INF-γ (pg/ml) were show serum level decrease with Covid-19 infection, so IFN-γ in unvaccinated lower than healthy group and higher than vaccinated patients, while IL-12(pg/ml) serum level increase with Covid-19 infection, so IL-12 in unvaccinated higher than healthy group and vaccinated patients