The role of breeding centers and breed testing systems in the development of breeds with a wide potential for use

¹ Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Computer and Information Sciences Department, 443010 Samara, Russia
² Volga NIISS - branch of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Breeding and Seed Farming of Cereal and Sorghum Crops, 446442 Ust-Kinelskiy, Russia
³ St. Petersburg State University, Physical Geography and Landscape Planning Department, 199178 St. Petersburg, Russia

^* Corresponding author: alzolkin@list.ru

Abstract

It shall be noted that the country's food security is impossible without modern breeding and seed production, which fully applies to both open and protected ground. Grain crops, wheat, barley, corn, rice and others, in terms of fodder productive qualities, are always among the most valuable agricultural crops and are the staple food in many countries of the world. The production of advanced agricultural products is carried out through the use of effective methods of genetics, breeding, seed production, diagnostics of pathogens, integrated plant protection products, the latest technologies and others. The tasks of breeding and seed production of agricultural crops are the reproduction of seeds of breeds and the maintenance of their genetic potential in order to preserve the properties and economically valuable traits. High-quality seeds of the best zoned breeds and hybrids are the foundation of the future harvest. Breeds with a wide adaptive potential allow them to be grown in different climatic conditions and to select for the best forms.