Assessment of the influence of linear origin on the productive longevity of cows

¹ Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation “V.I. Vernadsky Russian State University of National Economy (Russian State Agricultural Academy of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia; Vernadsky University), Balashikha, Russian Federation
² Ural State Agrarian University, Karl Liebknecht 42, 620075 Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation

^* Corresponding author: olgao205en@yandex.ru

Abstract

The foundation stock of dairy cattle in the country is represented by animals of the Holstein breed, the most abundantly dairy in the world. The breeding of Holstein cattle is carried out along the lines and it is interesting to evaluate the animals of these lines for productive longevity. In the dairy herd there is a significant number of animals obtained as a result of inbreeding and inbreeding ranges from 0.25±0.026 (Reflection Sovering line) to 0.44±0.038 (Vis Back Ideal line), depending on the line. A greater number of cows obtained as a result of closely related mating in the Vis Back Ideal line. All cows, regardless of their lineage, have a high level of Holstein bloodline from 83.5±2.96 (Montwick Chieftain line) to 87.6±0.51 (Vis Back Ideal line) and, accordingly, can be considered as representatives of the Holstein breed. The highest duration of productive use was found in the group of cows of the Montwick Chieftain line. Lower indicators of productive longevity were found in the group of animals of the Vis Back Ideal line. The age of maximum lactation in the main, most common lines of cows: Reflection Sovering and Vis Back Ideal and amounted to 1.93 and 1.84 lactation, respectively. The most nutrients were obtained from the milk of cows of the Montwick Chieftain line, even for average lactation, which, in our opinion, is explained by the high quality indicators of milk from cows of this group.