Analysis of fungi and yeast contamination on cabe jamu simplicia (Piper retrofractum) in Madura Indonesia

¹ Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Trunojoyo University Madura (UTM), East Java, Indonesia
² Faculty of Forestry, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF), Vietnam
³ Department of Biolog, University of Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM), East Java, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: cahyo.npust@gmail.com

Abstract

Cabe jamu has health benefits, making it one of the herbal commodities with economic value. The demand of cabe jamu is not only for domestic market as a raw material for the pharmaceutical industry, but also as an export commodity. As an export commodity, cabe jamu must be able to meet the standard of destination country. One of the standard is related to product sanitation. Cabe jamu, like other herbal commodities, are mostly economic businesses carried out by small industries, with relatively low sanitation levels, and it caused Indonesian herbal commodities failed to enter the international market. In the period 2014-2016 there were 54 cases of rejection of Indonesian spice (Myristica fragrans) exports to the European Union, United States, and Japan, with a loss of Rp 7.61 billion, due to microorganism contamination. This study aims to obtain the types of fungi and yeast that contaminate cabe jamu. Dried cabe jamu were collected from four different locations in the Madura region. The results of the inoculation on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media revealed the formation of colonies that were mixed with one another. The purification resulted colony cultures with 3 of them included in the fungi genus Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus, while the other 2 were yeast genus Saccharomyces sp. and Candida sp.