Selection of herbaceous plant assortment for park ground cover using plants of natural phytocoenosis

Open Access

Table 1.

The range of plants for greenbelt setting of open spaces (meadow phytocoenosis)

N^o	Latin name	Family	Planting type^*	Storey of planting^**	Ecological conditions			Flowering period	Notes
N^o	Latin name	Family	Planting type^*	Storey of planting^**	Illumination^***	Humidity^****	pH and soil fertility	Flowering period	Notes
	Calamagrostis acutiflora	Grasses (Poaceae)	Mono plantings, matrix, mixed	Upper, 150–200 cm	Sun	Drainage	Any soils	VII	The leaves are golden – yellow in autumn. Aggressive
	Phalaris arundinacea	Grasses (Poaceae)	Mono plantings, matrix, mixed	Upper, 100–150 cm	Sun	Excessive but the plant is drought resistant	Any soils, pH: 6.0–8.1	VI	Aggressive
	Glyceria maxima	Grasses (Poaceae)	Mono plantings, matrix, mixed	Medium, 50–60 cm	Sun, semishade	Excessive	Light loam and peat soils, pH: 6.0–6.5	VI-VIII	Leaves in autumn turn a reddish tone
	Miscanthus sinensis	Grasses (Poaceae)	Mono plantings, matrix, mixed, single	Upper, 20–250 cm	Sun, semishade	Sufficient	Light loam and peat soil, pH: 6.1–7.8	VII-VIII	Leaves in autumn turn yellow
	Deschampsia cespitosa	Grasses (Poaceae)	Mono plantings, matrix, mixed	Medium and upper, 30–100 cm	Sun, semishade	Sufficient	Any soils, pH: 3.7–8.0	V-VII	-
	Carex hirta	Sedge family (Cyperaceae)	Mono plantings, matrix, mixed, blocks	Bottom and medium, 10–60 cm	Sun, semishade	Sufficient	From wet clay to dry, sandy	IV-VI	Aggressive
	Carex acuta	Sedge family Cyperaceae	Mono plan tings, matrix, mixed, blocks	Medium, 40–100 cm	Sun, semishade	Excessive. Riparial plant	Any soils, but better muddy	VI	Aggressive
	Primula veris	Primrose (Primulaceae)	Mixed, blocks	Bottom, 30 cm	Semishade	Sufficient	Light soil	V-VI Yellow color
	Ranunculus ficaria	Crowfoot family (Ranunculaceae)	Mixed, blocks	Bottom, 5–30 cm	Sun	Sufficient	Loam, pH: 6.5	IV-V Yellow color	In June, the aerial part of the plant dies
	Anemone nemorosa	Crowfoot family – (Ranunculaceae)	Mixed, block	Bottom, 25 cm	Semishade, shade	Sufficient	Light loam, pH: 6.5	IV-V White color	Ephemeroid – the leaves are dying by mid-summer
	Alchemilla vulgaris	Rose family – Rosaceae	Mono plantings, mixed, blocks	Bottom, 30 cm	Sun, semishade	Sufficient	Loam, pH: 6.0	V-IX Green and yellow color	Decorative effect is preserved throughout the season
	Pulmonaria obscura	Borage family – Boraginaceae	Mixed, block	Bottom, 30 cm	Semishade, shade	Sufficient	Light loam, pH: 6.1–7.8	IV-V red-lilac-blue color
	Polygonum bistorta	Buckwheat family – Polygonaceae	Mono plantings, blocks	Upper, 100 cm	Sun	Exces-sive	Any soil, but better fertile, peaty	V-VII Pale pink color
	Thalictrum aquilegiifolium	Crowfoot family – Ranun-culaceae	Matriz, mixed	Upper, 150 cm	Sun, semishade	Sufficient	Light loam, pH: 6.5	VI-VII White, purple color
	Campanula latifolia	Bell-flower family – Campanulaceae	Temporary plantings, mixed	Upper, 70–150 cm	Sun, semishade	Sufficient	Light loam, pH: 6.5–7.0	VI-VII White, purple, blue color
	Leucanthemum vulgare	Aster family -Asteraceae	Temporary plantings, mixed	Medium, 45 cm	Sun	Sufficient	Any soils	VI White color
	Tanacetum vulgare	Aster family – Asteraceae	Temporary plantings, mixed	Upper, 80–120 cm	Sun	Sufficient	Any soils	VII-X Yellow color	Undemanding plant
	Geranium pratense	Geranium family – Geranium	Temporary plantings, mixed	Medium, 60 cm	Sun	Sufficient	Light loam	VI-IX Pink color	Undemanding plant
	Lythrum salicaria	Lythrum family Lythraceae	Temporary plantings, mixed	Upper, 80–120 cm	Sun, semishade	Sufficient	Any soil	VI-IX Purplepink color	Tolerates stagnant over-wetting
	Salvia pratensis	Deadnettle family – Lamiaceae	Temporary plantings, mixed, blocks	Medium, 50–70 cm	Sun, semishade	Sufficient	Any soisl, pH: 6.5	VI-IX Pink blue-violet color	Volatile oil plant
	Veronica spicata	Snapdragon family – Scrophu lariaceae	Temporary plantings, mixed, blocks	Medium, 70 cm	Sun	Sufficient	Light loam, pH: 6.5–7.0	VI bright blue, blue color
	Verbascum phlomoides	Snapdragon family – Scrophula riaceae	Temporary plantings, mixed, blocks	Upper, 80–200 cm	Sun	Sufficient	Light soils	VI-X Yellow color	Biennial plant, environmentall y plastic, high reproduction rate
	Nepeta x faassenii	Deadnettle family – Lamiaceae	Temporary plantings, mixed, blocks	Medium, 30–60 cm	Sun	Sufficient	Light loam, pH: 6.1–7.8	VI-IX Lavender color	Pruning of withered blossoms to encourage reflowering
	Tulipa acuminata	Lily family Liliaceae	Temporary plantings, mixed, blocks	Medium, 40 CM	Sun	Sufficient	Sabulous clay and light loam	V Yellow with red stripes	Ephemeroid – leaves are dying by mid-summer

Notes:

Planting type: mono plantings, matrix, temporary plantings, blocks, mixed, single.

^**

Planting storey: bottom (10-30 cm), medium (30-70 cm), upper (70-140 cm)

^***

Illumination: shade, semi-shade, sun

^****

Humidity: insufficient, sufficient, excessive

Tulipa acuminata, which is not typical for the natural phytocoenosis of the Non-Chernozem zone, was introduced into the proposed range to give more colorfulness to plantings in spring, especially since its appearance does not stand out from the general context.

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