Open Access
Table 1
Intensification of production and technological processes in industrial fruit growing
| Criterion-sign of intensive technologies | Factors of process intensification | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Criterion | Meaning | Factor | Effect |
| Quick receipt of a commercial yield | for the 2nd-3rd year | Rootstock | Reducing the strength of plant growth and preserving the production properties of varieties |
| Recoupment of original costs | for the 4th year | Variety | Adaptation to the conditions of cultivation and possession of a set of specified economically valuable characteristics |
| Stable fruiting and relatively high yield | 35-40 t per ha | Planting material | Obtaining an industrial yield from 2-3 years after planting |
| Profitability at the level of extended reproduction (profitability), which provides a comparably low cost of production | More than 60% | Planting plan of trees (fruit plants) | Compliance with the growth strength of the variety/rootstock combination and the required feeding area |
| The optimal period of productive operation of plantings for the accumulation of funds for renovation including variety | 15-17 years | Crown form | Providing, depending on the density of plant placement, the standard level of illumination of the leaf apparatus and the efficiency of photosynthesis |
| The necessary fruiting resource for the period of commercial fruiting of plantations to ensure the rationality of land use | 530 t per ha | Integrated plant and crop protection system | Reduction of chemical pressure on agrocenoses and the costs of protecting plantings and crops |
| High commercial quality of products that characterize all structural solutions that contribute to the realization of the physiological and biochemical capabilities of the variety/rootstock combination | The standard of fruits is not less than 90% | Organo-mineral system of soil content | Ensuring optimal plant nutrition and reproduction of soil fertility |
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