Issue |
BIO Web Conf.
Volume 56, 2023
43rd World Congress of Vine and Wine
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 01033 | |
Number of page(s) | 8 | |
Section | Viticulture | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20235601033 | |
Published online | 24 February 2023 |
Efecto de la temperatura y la poda tardía sobre la fisiología y calidad del cv. Merlot en el Valle Central de Chile
Effect of temperature and late pruning on the physiology and quality of cv. Merlot in the Central Valley of Chile
1
Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA,
Chile
2
Estudiante de Magister, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Chile,
Chile
La Poda tardía (PT) ha surgido como una herramienta que podría apoyar la adaptación de la viticultura frente al cambio climático, pudiendo retrasar la maduración y reducir el desequilibro en la madurez entre los azucares, ácidos y compuestos fenológicos, producidos por el incremento de temperatura (T). El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la PT en cv. Merlot del Valle Central de Chile, en 2 condiciones de temperatura: Ambiente; Elevada y 3 momentos de poda: Invierno; Brotación; Brotes 2-4 cm. Se realizó un seguimiento fenológico, determinación de intercambio gaseoso y crecimiento. Al momento de la cosecha se valoró la calidad de la fruta (brix, acidez, pH) y la concentración de antocianinas.
El aumento de T produjo un incremento de la temperatura de hojas por sobre 30ºC, además de caídas en la AN, gs y WUEF, y disminuyo significativamente el rendimiento por planta. Los tratamientos en T elevada presentaron una cosecha adelantada y menor concentración de antocianinas, independiente de la poda, no logrando contrarrestar los efectos de la T. En condiciones de T actual la poda fue capaz de retrasar la cosecha en al menos una semana, sumado a un incremento del 10% de la concentración de antocianinas en piel.
Abstract
Late Pruning (LP) has emerged as a tool that could delay ripening and reduce the imbalance between sugars, acids and phenological compounds produced during ripening by temperature increase. The study aim was to evaluate the LP in the cv. Merlot from the Central Valley of Chile, under two temperature conditions: Ambient – High; and 3 pruning moments: Winter, budbreak; shoots 2-4 cm. During season a phenological follow-up was carried out, gas exchange and crop growth were determined. At harvest, the quality of the grapes (Brix, acidity, pH) was assessed, and the concentration of anthocyanins was determined.
The increase in temperature produced an increase in the leaf temperature above 30ºC, in addition to drops in AN, gs and WUEF, in addition to significantly reducing the yield per plant. The high temperature treatments presented an earlier harvest date, independent of pruning. Moreover, a lower anthocyanin concentration was determined under all high temperature treatments, which indicated that late pruning was not able to counteract the effects in Merlot. However, under current temperature conditions, pruning was able to delay the harvest by at least a week, achieving a 10% increase in anthocyanins concentration in the skin, but its effects on acidity must be evaluated.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2023
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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